Analytical Hierarchy Process Technology Process

Because people choose these three elements: importance, preference and likelihood to evaluate all the possible alternatives to a decision which sometimes is not consistent with every decision situation, the concept of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) was developed by Dr. Thomas Saaty. Dr. Saaty described the AHP as a decision making approach based on the "innate human ability to make sound judgments about small problems" AHP transforms complex decision problems into simple decisions for both individuals and groups that employees the use of it to make decision. It is accommodative of intuition, compromise, and consensus structure without narrow-mindedness. The main purpose of this paper is to discuss what the AHP is and some other aspects of it. What is AHP? Saaty suggested AHP as a process that requires structuring the decision problem to demonstrate key elements and relationships that elicits judgments reflecting feelings or emotions, and whose judgments can be represented by meaningful numbers having ratio properties. In the AHP approach, complex decisions are organized and assessed against all possible alternatives using a hierarchy of multifaceted objectives allowing for a better, easier, and more efficient identification of selection criteria. How AHP works AHP is used to first decompose the decision problem into a hierarchy of easily comprehended sub-problems, each of which can be analyzed independently. The elements of the hierarchy can relate to any aspect of the decision problem tangible or intangible, estimated or carefully measured, well or poorly understood. Once that hierarchy is established, the decision maker systematically examines the various elements, comparing them to each other in pairs. In making the comparisons, the decision maker can use his/her judgments about the elements’ relative meaning and importance, or they can use well refined data about the elements. AHP converts the judgments to numerical values that are processed, evaluated and compared over the entire range of the decision problem. A numerical weight or priority vector is derived for each element of the hierarchy, allowing diverse and often incommensurable elements to be compared to one another in a rational and consistent way. This capability distinguishes AHP from other decision making techniques. At the end of the process, numerical priorities are derived for each of the decision alternatives. It is then a simple matter to pick the best alternative, or to rank them in order of relative preference.

Accommodations and modifications for the learning disabled student Essay

Accommodations and modifications for the learning disabled student - Essay Example A disabled student is also just as much of a pulsating and precious human being as any other normal student.What goes on in a disabled student's mind A continuous sense of permanent deprivation reels in such a student almost all the while. Disabled students suffer perennially. They ask "Why" every second of their life. When they are alone and when they are in public and interactive situations - they are comparing in the depths of their nerves. They are tense from within most of the time. They are like this even when they are smiling and laughing and apparently relaxing. This aspect further adds to their disability and difficulties. They just cannot come out of their mental frame of what others are able to do and what they are not able to do.This is a psychological phenomenon. A teacher and an instructor or facilitator has to enter the disabled mind. The life and difficulty of a disabled student has to be felt alive from within and without. A teacher has at least to imagine this reali ty of the special pupil especially in class eight. The disabled student in this eighth standard is entering into an adolescent age. This stage throws out so many other psychological challenges of adolescence as well. Until this mundane psychology of the disabled is understood, their expectations and apprehensions cannot be met fruitfully only through varied adaptations, accommodations and modifications (. Latham H, Patricia, 2002).The list of disabilities is an endless inventory of deprivations. ... There are a number of ways for dealing with learning of the disabled. These are generally used as Adaptation, Accommodation and Modifications. For example, adaptations mean changes introduced into the environment, curricula, instruction and assessment etc. for leading a student learner to success. Adaptations are employed according to an individual student's needs. All accommodations and modifications are adaptations (Fuchs, L.S., and Fuchs, D., 1998, Winter). Accommodations provide a student equal access to learning and equal opportunity to demonstrate. Accommodations must not alter the content of the test or provide inappropriate assistance to the student within the context of the test. Accommodations do not require special coding on an answer sheet. Accommodations do not bring any change in syllabus and instructions. Modifications represent substantial changes. These may be made in what a student has to learn and demonstrate. Changes may be introduced in the instructional level, the content or the performance criteria. All these changes provide a student with positive learning experiences, environments, and assessments based on individual needs and abilities. Modifications include oral reading, signing, the reading skills test and use of calculators etc. When preceding modifications are made, due notation has to be recorded on the appropriate answer sheet (ANU, 1994). Despite diverse specifics of adaptations, accommodations and modifications of learning of the disabled, every disabled learner has to be considered as an individual and a distinctive person. Each one - even if having similar disability - possesses different and individual centered characteristics. The major challenge is that each individual disabled learner is wholesomely different and

Five Guys Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Five Guys - Case Study Example In 2002, the Five Guys model was opened for franchising and expanded rapidly- over 1000 outlets were expected to open by the end of 2011, with over $1 Billion in sales (Weiss, 2011). The standard Five Guys simple and authentic vibe is strictly maintained in all the different outlets. Five Guys is a fast food chain of restaurants which specialize in the three items of hamburgers, fries and hotdogs. However, their menu pricing, quality and service type places them in the sub category of fast casual dining. Fast Casual is used to describe service outlets which do not offer full table service but there is an expectation of better food quality and atmosphere than fast food restaurants. The ingredients used are of better quality and the kitchen is visible for the dinners. Five Guys promotes an atmosphere which invokes memories of a 1950’s diner combined with the same kind of homemade food. The limited menu also allows them to concentrate on providing the best of those items rather than diversifying and losing their personalized touch. Fast casual lies between fast food and casual dining, offering customers a better value for their money and a more comfortable dining atmosphere which is greatly appealing for the people of a nation hit by recession. While Five Guys was a pioneer in this category, many fast food restaurants are quickly adopting regenerated menus and a more personalized service to compete with and enter into the fast casual and quick service categories. For the restaurant chain their emphasis has been on creating a more-for-slightly more value proposition. By charging over the average price charged by other chains, Five Guys provide much better food and service for their customers. This has helped them to distinguish themselves from other chains and gain an edge over their direct and indirect primary competitor. These

BUSINESS LAW High School Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BUSINESS LAW High School - Case Study Example 1550). Since this is an offer to sell, the sellers consent is clearly manifested by making the said offer. All that is left for a binding contract is the consent of buyer. A definite and seasonable expression of acceptance or a written confirmation which is sent within a reasonable time operates as an acceptance even though it states terms additional to or different from those offered or agreed upon, unless acceptance is expressly made conditional on assent to the additional or different terms (Alabama Civil Code, Sec.7-2-206). Since there is a valid offer to sell and a valid acceptance there arises a valid contract. This contract is enforceable against Glory Pieces as there is the written document attesting to its acceptance of the offer. Hence the Statute of Frauds requirement has been complied with. Therefore, my client hereby demands the specific performance of the obligation of the seller which is to deliver the goods of 500 handblown crystal goblets from Hungary at the cost of $50 per goblet. Here the offer to buy was clearly stated.

Federalism Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Federalism - Term Paper Example Federalism in the US has evolved in the course of the nation’s history from Dual Federalism between 1789 and 1945 after WWII, to Cooperative Federalism between 1945 and 1969 and finally New Federalism from 1969 to present (Robertson, 2012). However, there were also some changes to federalism between Dual Federalism and Cooperative Federalism, especially those occasioned by the 1861-1868 Civil War followed by the Fourteenth Amendment. Then industrialization and globalization that set in between 1865 and 1945, which culminated in the federal government taking over power from state governments when Franklin Roosevelt’s presidency made efforts to revive the economy after the Great Depression. The nation’s first 150 years were described by Dual Federalism, where the Constitution provided for state and national governments. The national government presided over national defense, fostering commerce and foreign policy. On the other hand, state governments dealt with crim inal law, economic regulation and local issues. Each having a distinct area of jurisdiction, the two governments rarely overlapped. Cooperative Federalism marked the intertwining of state and federal authority, where it became difficult to demarcate the beginning and end of the authority of each type of government because they both administered numerous federal programs simultaneously. However, in order to finance their own programs and initiatives, states heavily relied on the federal government for funds.

Criminal proceedings against Costa Concordia Master in shipwreck Essay

Criminal proceedings against Costa Concordia Master in shipwreck - Essay Example On one account, the captain has been taken to court with regard to the fact that he was careless in the way he managed the ship before the accident. His actions are seen to have been the cause of the accident. For instance, he took the ship to give a salute at the port where the ship got an accident. In doing this, the captain had to deviate from the computer-programmed route of the ship and this has been seen as a form of carelessness that the captain must be held responsible for. On the other hand, the captain has attained the informal salute was ordered by the company and it was not his own decision. Whether the company ordered the salute or not, the truth is that both the captain and the company as a whole are responsible and must take responsibility. Deviating from the computer-programmed navigation route was a careless mistake and this mistake led to the loss of 32 lives and injuries of many people as well as mental trauma of all aboard the ship. Although the court has said tha t all passengers should be paid ten thousand Euros each, this cannot be enough to pay those who lost their loved ones and the company must pay more in order to be an example to other similar firms. The other legal issue coming from the case is the captain’s conduct after the accident. ... This leaves a very huge responsibility on him and this is one case he has to answer in court. The concept behind requiring the captain to be the last to leave the ship in such an incident is that since the captain is the one on whom the safety of the ship is bestowed, the captain should be the one to take the biggest responsibility. This should motivate such a captain to be more careful in the way he conducts himself in the ship and making sure that all safety measures are being taken in order to make sure that everybody, including him, is safe and sound in the ship. The captain has not been able to explain fully why he left the boat as soon as possible and left over two thousand people stranded in the wrecked ship. This, combined by the fact that the accident was also as a result of his obvious carelessness, leaves the captain in a hard position and he has to make sure he is able to convince the court that the he acted as responsibly as he could have. The captain, in his defence, ha s said that the shipwreck was as a result of his officers failing to take his order and ignoring his orders. This argument is not necessarily the best considering that as a leader he could have done a better job to take better control of his staff. By failing to do this, the captain failed to meet his duty as the captain of the ship and, thus, will be legally considered primarily responsible of the accident. More than that, evidence showed that the captain and his crew were indifferent towards the needs of the suffering passengers. In a certain court hearing a few months from the time the disaster happened, evidence in the form of a video footage shows the captain and his crew doing the peaking

Eng man Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Eng man - Essay Example All these components ensure the welfare of the student is taken care of, and the students receive value for their money. Wake Technical Community College was established in 1958. It is a two-year college in Raleigh city in North Carolina. From the start, its initial name was Wake Country Industrial Education Center but in 1987, it changed its name to the current name. The college is part of the North Carolina Community College System, whose funding comes from the state. On accreditation, it received its accreditation in 1970 from the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. It offers associate degree and certificate programs and has an enrollment of over 19,000 students. The programs can be either in vocational fields as well as liberal arts, which is a good option for a student that would wish to transfer to four-year college or university afterward. The college has several components that make it a good college and hence ideal for someone wishing to further their education. First, the college offers programs in over 180 areas of study. That serves to give students a broad variety of options for careers, as well as personal interests. Some of the fields in which one can enroll include construction management, emergency medical science, medical assistance, dental assisting, automotive technology, accounting, graphic design, business administration, welding technology, engineering technology, architecture technology, hotel and restaurant management as well as general education. For those that wish to transfer to four-year colleges or universities, the college offers associate degree programs in various areas. Some of the areas the university offers such courses include pre-engineering, arts and sciences. The wide range of class time available in the college makes it easy for one to schedule their classes to fit with other commitments such as family and job